Guide to Aromanian Language

Aromanian vowels and consonants mostly match their Latin or Romanian counterparts. Below is the full extended alphabet chart:

Useful, everyday greeting forms and short sentence patterns to introduce yourself.

2.1 Basic Greeting Patterns

2.2 Introducing Yourself

2.3 Saying How You Are

2.4 Simple Statements (S–V–O)

Aromanian generally follows Subject – Verb – Object. Pronouns are often dropped because verb endings tell the person.

2.5 First Dialogue

Practice Prompt

1. Write a 4–5 line dialogue introducing yourself (use Cum ti cljiamâ? and Eu mi cljiamâ…).
2. Make three S–V–O sentences with professions or adjectives (e.g., Eu sunt studenti).
3. Record yourself reading the dialogue slowly, then at natural speed; listen for clear vowels and stress.

3.1 Gender

Aromanian has two genders: masculine and feminine. Typical singular endings:

• Masculine — often -u (e.g., lupu).
• Feminine — often -ã or -a or -i (e.g., muljari).

Endings are a guide; exceptions exist (loanwords, irregulars).

3.2 Definite Article (enclitic)

The definite article attaches to the end of the noun:

3.3 Indefinite Article

The indefinite article comes before the noun:

• Masculine: un (e.g., un lupu — a wolf)
• Feminine: o (e.g., unã muljari — a woman)
• Some plural indefinites: nishte (some)

3.4 Practice

1. Write five nouns (3 masculine, 2 feminine) and show their indefinite and definite forms.
2. Make three short exchanges asking “Tsi iasti aca?” and answering with un/ o …

4.1 Basic agreement

Adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun. General pattern (example root mushat(u) = beautiful):

4.2 Position

Adjectives usually follow the noun: casã marli — the big house. Short, very common adjectives can appear before for emphasis.

4.3 Examples

• muljarea mushatã — the beautiful woman
• bãrbat analtu — the tall man
• unã casã njicã — a small house

4.4 Practice

1. Take three masculine and three feminine nouns; write an adjective for each (positive & negative) and form sentences with both indefinite & definite articles.
2. Record yourself saying the pairs to check natural adjective endings.

5.1 Overview

Many Aromanian verbs are shown by their 1st person singular present. A common 1st-conjugation verb pattern (root cãnt- “sing”):

Notes: Aromanian is a null-subject language: pronouns are optional because verb endings indicate the subject.

5.2 Examples

• Eu cãntu o cãnticu. — I sing a song.
• Tu cãntsã mushat. — You sing beautifully.
• Noi cãntamu mpriunã. — We sing together.

5.3 Practice

1. Choose a verb (cãntu, dau, lucredz) and conjugate across all six persons.
2. Write three short sentences using different persons and objects.

6.1 Yes / No Questions

Yes–no questions often rely on rising intonation or context; word order may remain the same:

• Tini iasti Armãn? — Are you Aromanian?
• Tini ai unã casã? — Do you have a house?

6.2 Wh-Questions (question words)

Common interrogatives:

6.3 Examples

• Tsini yini? — Who is coming?
• Tsi fats? — What are you doing?
• Iu iasti casa? — Where is the house?

6.4 Practice

1. Make 5 yes/no questions using verbs you know.
2. Make 5 wh-questions (use Tsini, Tsi, Iu, Cãndu, Cãtse).
3. Record and practice answering them in complete sentences.